Ohio — Ohio Revised Code

Complete, unannotated statutory corpus and directed cross-reference citation graph for the State of Ohio across all 34 active titles and 978 distinct chapters, cryptographically sealed from official Ohio Legislative Service Commission (codes.ohio.gov) sources.

34 Active Titles

978 Distinct Chapters

33,791 Statutory Sections

238,870 Subsections

147,140 Citation Edges

100% AKN 3.0 XSD Valid

Single-Snapshot Dataset Acquisition • 10/2026 Edition

Ohio Revised Code — Complete Medallion Snapshot

One-time purchase for the complete October 2026 (10/2026) edition single-snapshot dataset of the Ohio Revised Code. Includes perpetual commercial license rights to the Bronze raw source payloads, Silver OASIS Akoma Ntoso 3.0 XML archive, Gold Apache Parquet tables (sections, subsections, edges), and SHA-256 provenance manifests.

Price: $2,000 USD | Edition: 10/2026 Snapshot | Delivery: Snowflake Marketplace / Direct Archive | License: Perpetual Snapshot License | Purchase & Download Snapshot →

Keystone Legal Data — Commercial Dataset License Agreement Standard Single-Snapshot Terms (v2026.10)

1. Grant of Perpetual Single-Snapshot License

Upon payment of the one-time $2,000 USD license fee, Keystone Data Services LLC, d/b/a Keystone Legal Data ("Licensor"), grants Customer ("Licensee") a perpetual, non-exclusive, non-transferable, worldwide enterprise license to store, query, index, and use the 10/2026 Edition Single-Snapshot Dataset of the Ohio Revised Code (including all delivered Bronze source files, Silver OASIS Akoma Ntoso 3.0 XML files, Gold Parquet tables, directed citation graph schemas, and cryptographic manifests, collectively the "Licensed Dataset"). Future statutory editions or legislative updates are sold separately as independent snapshots.

2. Permitted Enterprise, Analytics & AI/LLM Uses

Licensee may freely integrate the Licensed Dataset into internal data warehouses, legal research platforms, retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) pipelines, vector databases, knowledge graphs, and machine learning or large language model (LLM) training, fine-tuning, and inference systems, and may display statutory excerpts and citation outputs to end users in the ordinary course of Licensee's products and services.

3. Restrictions on Bulk Redistribution

While the underlying enacted statutory text of the State of Ohio is in the public domain under the government edicts doctrine, the normalized schema, structural subsection shredding, OASIS Akoma Ntoso 3.0 XML markup, resolved citation graph topology, and cryptographic lineage manifests are proprietary data engineering deliverables of Licensor. Licensee may not resell, sublicense, publish, or redistribute the Licensed Dataset in bulk or as a standalone statutory data product or competing data catalog.

4. Provenance & Disclaimer of Warranties

Every record in the Licensed Dataset is cryptographically sealed via SHA-256 to its source legislative payload as published by the official legislative authority as of the snapshot date. The Licensed Dataset is provided "AS IS" for analytical and informational purposes and does not constitute legal advice. Licensor's aggregate liability under this Agreement shall not exceed the license fee paid for the snapshot.

Medallion Architecture Deliverables

Three-tier statutory distribution with end-to-end SHA-256 cryptographic lineage from raw legislative payload to analytical Parquet tables.

Bronze Layer

Immutable Source Payloads

Verbatim section payloads captured from the Ohio Legislative Service Commission (codes.ohio.gov) with wire-level SHA-256 hashes and structural hierarchy metadata.

Source Authority Ohio Legislative Service Comm.
Sealed Payloads 33,791 Files
Lineage Manifest bronze_manifest.jsonl
Integrity Seal manifest.sha256 (0444)

Silver Layer

OASIS Akoma Ntoso 3.0 XML

Normalized, schema-validated OASIS LegalDocML (Akoma Ntoso 3.0) XML documents containing strictly enacted statutory text, subsection hierarchy, and session-law history citations.

XML Standard OASIS AKN 3.0 (XSD 1.0)
Validated Docs 33,791 / 33,791 (100%)
History Coverage 33,791 / 33,791 (100.0%)
Third-Party IP / Notes 0 (Strictly Stripped)

Gold Layer

Apache Parquet & Citation Graph

Snappy-compressed Apache Parquet tables (sections, subsections, edges) and pre-indexed DuckDB analytical catalog ready for immediate SQL, Polars, PyArrow, or RAG/LLM ingestion.

Section Table 33,791 Rows (32.44 MB)
Subsection Table 238,870 Rows (31.70 MB)
Citation Graph 147,140 Directed Edges
DuckDB Catalog keystone_orc.duckdb

Artifact / Archive	Layer / Format	Records	Size	SHA-256 Cryptographic Seal
sections.parquet	Gold Columnar Table (Snappy Parquet)	33,791	32.44 MB	2b7a1b99528e39faede85a42b6d4a03f7af9c3d8edef0dbd5338b410cd191c47
subsections.parquet	Gold Hierarchical Paragraphs (Snappy Parquet)	238,870	31.70 MB	6b123fb9414ca7b6b3de33b06b3dc01ffe165c5f8dae1f749491abf719ab49d0
edges.parquet	Gold Directed Citation Graph (Snappy Parquet)	147,140	1.26 MB	3286e36c9c92cd779b67f9ecb669fdf01ea61d67f12eb2ac144f764dc5b5fa88
keystone_orc_bronze_2026-10.tar.gz	Complete Bronze Source Archive (Raw Payloads + Manifests)	33,791 files	27.29 MB	ada9f56fba2fdf0266074d662696a080310aa1cfe080a59f9117daf4404edc20
keystone_orc_silver_2026-10.tar.gz	Complete Silver OASIS AKN 3.0 XML Archive (XML + XSD + Manifests)	33,791 docs	34.88 MB	58e3521068e99fa449c60630a26ffcffd75d8eea82d3e70192b3524d673b432b
keystone_orc_gold_2026-10.tar.gz	Complete Gold Release Archive (Parquet + Manifests)	419,801	56.38 MB	c454b144f16066e534b466c6da709687540a838a8fbfbf3c8f7932ace580da0d
keystone_orc_title25_sample.tar.gz	Title 25 Sample Showcase Slice (Title 25 - Courts-Appellate)	97 secs	88.69 KB	0bd65e125414fd66d6cb1f9b62d6dfa5e293c481ca9edb66fc0f9fdea679e457

Canonical Record Specimen: ORC § 1.01

Side-by-side view of Section 1.01 (Revised Code - citation and designation - General Code) in Silver OASIS Akoma Ntoso 3.0 XML and Gold Parquet JSON representation.

            data/silver/orc/akn_xml/title_00_gp/ORC-1.01.xml
            Silver OASIS AKN 3.0
          

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<akomaNtoso xmlns="http://docs.oasis-open.org/legaldocml/ns/akn/3.0"
            xmlns:meta="https://pipeline.local/schema/meta">
  <act name="statute">
    <meta>
      <identification source="#pipeline">
        <FRBRWork>
          <FRBRthis value="/us-oh/act/orc/title-gp/section-1.01"/>
          <FRBRdate date="2026-10-19" name="snapshot"/>
          <FRBRcountry value="US-OH"/>
        </FRBRWork>
      </identification>
      <proprietary source="#pipeline">
        <meta:source_html_sha256>f398aeb9b0012582...f2e01</meta:source_html_sha256>
        <meta:doc_id>ORC-1.01</meta:doc_id>
        <meta:jurisdiction>US-OH</meta:jurisdiction>
        <meta:container_id>GP</meta:container_id>
        <meta:chapter_id>1</meta:chapter_id>
        <meta:chapter_name>Chapter 1 - Definitions; Rules of Construction</meta:chapter_name>
        <meta:history_note>Effective: June 29, 2011 | Latest Legislation: House Bill 9 - 129th General Assembly</meta:history_note>
      </proprietary>
    </meta>
    <body>
      <section eId="sec_1.01">
        <num>1.01</num>
        <heading>Revised Code - citation and designation - General Code</heading>
        <paragraph eId="sec_1.01__para_1" class="indent-1">
          <content>
            <p>All statutes of a permanent and general nature of the state as
            revised and consolidated into general provisions, titles,
            chapters, and sections shall be known and designated as the
            &quot;Revised Code&quot;, for which designat...</p>
          </content>
        </paragraph>
        <paragraph eId="sec_1.01__para_2" class="indent-1">
          <content>
            <p>The enactment of the Revised Code shall not be construed to
            affect a right or liability accrued or incurred under any
            section of the General Code prior to the effective date of
            such enactment, or an action or procee...</p>
          </content>
        </paragraph>
      </section>
    </body>
  </act>
</akomaNtoso>

            gold.sections / gold.subsections / gold.edges
            Gold Parquet Row
          

// 1. sections.parquet (Primary Key: doc_id = "ORC-1.01")
{
  "jurisdiction": "US-OH",
  "doc_id": "ORC-1.01",
  "universal_doc_id": "US-OH-ORC-1.01",
  "container_type": "title",
  "container_id": "GP",
  "container_name": "General Provisions",
  "title": 0,
  "chapter_id": "1",
  "chapter_name": "Chapter 1 - Definitions; Rules of Construction",
  "subchapter_id": "",
  "subchapter_name": "",
  "section_number": "1.01",
  "heading": "Revised Code - citation and designation - General Code",
  "paragraph_count": 2,
  "history_note": "Effective: June 29, 2011 | Latest Legislation: House Bill 9 - 129th General Assembly",
  "source_html_sha256": "f398aeb9b0012582f2a2948a41b095f5e788478250f0698600afb40fe8af2e01",
  "akn_sha256": "aa75c6489fb79a9ded5a4673b0bf45e2eaa2283a17849e2d2766535732f22ba7"
}

// 2. subsections.parquet (2 rows for ORC-1.01)
{
  "doc_id": "ORC-1.01",
  "paragraph_eid": "sec_1.01__para_1",
  "paragraph_seq": 1,
  "enum_label": "",
  "indent_level": 1,
  "text": "All statutes of a permanent and general nature of the state as revised and consolidated into general provisions, titles, chapters, and sections shall be known and designated as the \"Revised Code\", for which designat..."
}

// 3. edges.parquet (Sample Directed Citation Edge in Ohio Revised Code)
{
  "jurisdiction": "US-OH",
  "source_doc_id": "ORC-1.01",
  "source_section": "1.01",
  "target_doc_id": "ORC-1301.107",
  "target_section": "1301.107",
  "target_title": 13,
  "citation_count": 1
}

Gold Parquet Schema Specification

Standardized cross-jurisdiction schema shared across all 57 Keystone Legal Data statutory repositories.

Table	Column Name	Parquet Type	Description
sections.parquet	jurisdiction / doc_id / universal_doc_id	VARCHAR	Jurisdiction code (`US-OH`), collection-scoped primary key (`ORC-1.01`), and global key.
	container_type / container_id / container_name	VARCHAR	Top-level statutory container metadata (e.g., `title`, `GP`, `General Provisions`).
	chapter_id / chapter_name	VARCHAR	Intermediate chapter/article identifier and official heading (100% populated across all 33,791 sections).
	section_number / heading	VARCHAR	Canonical section number (e.g., `1.01`) and cleaned catchline heading.
	full_text	VARCHAR	Complete, newline-delimited statutory text of the section (strictly enacted text only).
	history_note	VARCHAR	Legislative session-law enactment and amendment history citations (33,791 / 33,791 sections populated).
	paragraph_count	INT64	Number of child subsection paragraphs shredded into `subsections.parquet`.
	source_html_sha256 / akn_sha256	VARCHAR	Cryptographic SHA-256 digests linking the Gold row to its exact Silver XML and Bronze raw payload.
subsections.parquet	paragraph_eid / paragraph_seq	VARCHAR / INT64	OASIS AKN 3.0 element ID (`sec_1.01__para_1`) and deterministic 1-based sequence order within the section.
	enum_label / indent_level	VARCHAR / INT64	Extracted structural enumerator (e.g., `(a)`, `(1)`, `(A)`) and hierarchical indentation depth (`1`–`6`).
	text	VARCHAR	Cleaned text of the individual statutory subsection or paragraph.
edges.parquet	source_doc_id / target_doc_id	VARCHAR	Directed citation graph edge resolving in-text statutory references from citing section to cited target section.
edges.parquet	source_section / target_section / citation_count	VARCHAR / INT64	Canonical section numbers and frequency count of cross-references between the pair.

Complete 34-Title Inventory (Ohio Revised Code)

Breakdown of distinct chapters and statutory sections across all 34 active titles in the October 2026 edition.

Title	Title Heading	Chapters	Sections
Gen. Provisions	General Provisions	5	484
Title 1	Title 1 - State Government	66	2,424
Title 3	Title 3 - Counties	32	1,167
Title 5	Title 5 - Townships	13	449
Title 7	Title 7 - Municipal Corporations	36	1,301
Title 9	Title 9 - Agriculture-Animals-Fences	42	929
Title 11	Title 11 - Banks-Savings and Loan Associations	18	313
Title 13	Title 13 - Commercial Transactions	40	1,486
Title 15	Title 15 - Conservation of Natural Resources	31	1,005
Title 17	Title 17 - Corporations-Partnerships	41	1,271
Title 19	Title 19 - Courts-Municipal-Mayor's-County	6	215
Title 21	Title 21 - Courts-Probate-Juvenile	25	998
Title 23	Title 23 - Courts-Common Pleas	20	607
Title 25	Title 25 - Courts-Appellate	4	97
Title 27	Title 27 - Courts-General Provisions-Special Remedies	28	552
Title 29	Title 29 - Crimes-Procedure	36	1,154
Title 31	Title 31 - Domestic Relations-Children	15	880
Title 33	Title 33 - Education-Libraries	61	2,440
Title 35	Title 35 - Elections	14	414
Title 37	Title 37 - Health-Safety-Morals	67	2,076
Title 39	Title 39 - Insurance	44	1,388
Title 41	Title 41 - Labor and Industry	27	669
Title 43	Title 43 - Liquor	6	264
Title 45	Title 45 - Motor Vehicles-Aeronautics-Watercraft	23	1,316
Title 47	Title 47 - Occupations-Professions	66	2,174
Title 49	Title 49 - Public Utilities	34	1,096
Title 51	Title 51 - Public Welfare	31	2,012
Title 53	Title 53 - Real Property	14	450
Title 55	Title 55 - Roads-Highways-Bridges	46	1,507
Title 57	Title 57 - Taxation	33	1,351
Title 58	Title 58 - Trusts	17	226
Title 59	Title 59 - Veterans-Military Affairs	16	378
Title 61	Title 61 - Water Supply-Sanitation-Ditches	20	674
Title 63	Title 63 - Workforce Development	1	24
Total (34 Titles)	Complete Ohio Revised Code Corpus	978	33,791